Differential Reinforcement Essay -- essays research papers

Differential Reinforcement is defined to issue forth when behavior is reinforced by being either rewarded or penalize while interacting with others (Siegel, 2003). With this said, the theory was developed as a federal agency of labeling twain compulsive, as tumesce as negative aspects of individual action. This idea of documentation is a branch of the infamous Differential Association theory presented by Edwin H. Sutherland in 1939. Another commonly used term for this theory of funding is called differential conditioning (Siegel, 2003). As mentioned, the types of reinforcer are either positive or negative, and operate on the results of specific crimes or random acts. recognize behaviors plainly urges such action to be repeated, while punishment much deters those offenders from repeating their same mistakes. Parenting practices, social groups, schools, television, and the community are just a few of the examples that are linked to this theory. According to Ronald Akers (19 66), each behavior a person commits is a larn behavior, meaning some(prenominal) type of outback(a) force paved the way to this various knowledge. This theory goes hand in hand with the ideology that he argued in his studies, but focuses on the later on effects (or results), rather than prevention or control. This theory does not serve support the effectiveness of deterrence, but it does give us a itsy-bitsy insight on why people decide to engage in criminal activity. Perhaps the most influential group in establishment someones behavior is their peer group. Take for example, gang activity. street gangs, though usually found in highly urbanized areas, passive exist and even thrive throughout most of the United States. It is the safety, security, and federal agency that effects these members with faulty, risky and distant thinking, which usually ends up in some type of negative reinforcement. Guilt is often by association, as well as socialization. Purely, this relationship dominates the theory of crime as a learned behavior. No one is born with the general knowledge of how to break the fair play or to simply be criminal by nature, but through life experiences and perceptions of the events that surround them, the criminal activity is learned. Use the professional graphics of safe (or vault) cracking, for example. To perform such a trick, one must be taught how to do it. Such information is never provided at birth, or thr... ... strategies to direct the influences these gangs have on crime and society. Between gangs, youth and WWC/CV (white choker crime/corporate violence), criminologists have their hands full with analyzing the behavior of individuals. When punishments outstrip the benefit of criminal activity, most crimes are never actually committed. only if if the threat of punishment is too weak, or ineffective then square-toed action is usually avoided and a crime gets committed. Criminologists search for a way to make connections by assoc iating these theories with new cases reported each year. One chore is the discretion of police and the lack of crimes actually reported to police. Regardless, it is very effortless to see the truth behind these concepts. For example, thieves that are safecrackers must have been taught to be able to do that trade. However, with the available data and records criminologists do have, there is haemorrhoid of drawn out information supporting this theory of DR. Without doubt, differential reinforcement is a two-way street with human activity. One will of all time affect the other and it is up to the individual to reach for the positive, instead of the negative.