Operations Management Essay

1. Discuss how just-in-time manufacturing might affect a ponder Shop (Consider both(prenominal) positive and negative impacts on both familiar and external mathematical surgical procedures).Just-In-Time (JIT) manufacturing whitethorn affect a antic Shop both positively and negatively. The some important affect is that it improves the performance of job crap harvest-timeion. JIT also eliminates waste and/or decreases work in progress (WIP) in that same sense. JIT allows for products that are produced to fulfill an immediate demand for them. JIT emphasizes on quality. pure tone is very important in JIT manufacturing be driveway it decreases or eliminates personifys and increases profits by producing high quality products the first time around. JIT allows for quality products to be change from raw hooeys into entire slap-ups as expediently and efficiently as achievable without delay.Some of the negative affects are unskilled or untrained proles. They may not make quality products because they are not trained mightily or often. It may affect external trading operations by promoting competitive bidding between vendors to provide motivationed inventory. Sometimes this brush aside cause friction between long-standing vendors and the fellowship when theyre out bid by an opposite vendor. It put forward tarnish the logical argument relationship.2. You operate a dairy farm, raising cows for the production of raw milk products. Briefly position the levels of vertical integration that you would anticipate being possible for such an operation (include both backward and forward integration in your response).Operating a dairy farm, raising cows, would be a very challenging business to conduct. The competition for market share is outrageous. One level of vertical integration that I would anticipate is to possibly setup my own distribution center. I would face some challenges because Id permit to hire workers with this fibre of expertise, along with th e knowledge of farming. though Id fox to spend to a greater extent nifty and purchase or al kitty warehousing post for the added inventory, in the long run it would be much more economically beneficial to my farming business. I would become my own distributor, thus button these savings to my customers, while gaining market share. Another level of vertical integration would be that Id purchase more land to have grass to hightail it my cows, instead of purchasing feed from a feed company. That image of integration is called forward integration.3. Discuss the concept of the Process Spectrum. work examples where appropriate.The Process Spectrum is made up of five major types of manufacturing memberes that a company may use to get to an end product, or a finished good or service. The invariable scarper process is characterized by the fall of material. During this process, the material hardly ever stops, but moves constantly from one process to another. Using the continuous menses process, the time to transform raw material into a finished project can be easily estimated. The Job Shop process is the most(prenominal) flexible of the processes. Unlike the continuous flow process, the Job Shop process it groups similar equipment together. This most often allows for products to flow from one machine to a unlike type of machine and back to a previous type of machine, if indispensable, unlike the continuous flow process.This process fulfills an outside customers order by an agreed-upon date and whatever quantity ordered. The batch flow process is most similar to the job shop process, in that the equipment is grouped by persona rather than product. Unlike the job shop process, it produces products in an established lot size that move into an inventory from which further production or final customer orders are filled. The pull Flow process mostly resembles a moving assembly extraction, such as in the auto industry. In contrast to the continuous flow, th e line flow is more flexible, less automated, and more labor/worker driven. The hybrid process is where the first part of the flow of materials resembles the batch flow process, while the latter part resembles a line or continuous flow process. In a hybrid process, on process separates the inventory by parts or semi-finished inventory, to be passed to the other process for assembly or finishing.4. Compare and contrast the Worker Paced railroad Flow Process and the Machine Paced Line Flow Process as relates to swell use, process speed, pacing, and materials requirements.In comparing and contrasting the Worker Paced Line Flow and Machine Paced Line Flow processes in reference to capital use, it is fairly cheap to manufacture and or service the customer home base in the worker stones throwd line flow than the machine paced line flow. Though the equipment is specially designed to produce the quality products of the company, the difference in capital use is greater in the machine pac ed line flow because the operations are most likely larger in size than the worker paced line flow process. In a worker paced line flow, the process of making raw material into a finished product is increasingly fast, such as in a fast food restaurant. The customers gestate to be served in a decent time frame and abide their food to be fresh, hot, and in good or great quality.The product flow depends on the immediate demand. The greater the customer base, the greater the need to produce products and in a faster pace. However, it is still dependent upon the pace of the workers and their pace is monitored and adjusted by management as deemed fit for customer demand. In a machine flow process, the process of speed is fast. This is found upon the speed of the machine producing the product. However, machines can be set to achieve a set goal by management. In reference to materials requirements, in a worker paced line the amount of material or inventory needed or required is closely es timated by the amount of sales. In a machine paced line flow process, the amount is not known for original until a production plan is established.5. Briefly discuss the concept of the cost of quality. Consider both positive and negative costs associated with a typical quality program in a manufacturing facility.My understanding of the consideration Quality is Free is to make the product to specifications the first time, as to vitiate the costs associated with correcting all of the defects. Poor quality could lead to poor customer relations, which is bad because most businesses are advertised through word of rim. To scrap means to start over from the beginning. Thats not good because youve made the product twice at twice the cost. Costs can be mitigated when the products are inspected and tested to detect defects at different stages of WIP, before rolling out to the market. This is a good process to have in place. Ensuring workers are properly trained and cross-trained is a good handicap measure to have in place. The more processes a worker can perform, the more productive the company can be.